Cleanroom systems play a vital role in modern industrial, medical, scientific and other fields, and their design, construction and operation need to be comprehensively considered to ensure that specific cleanliness requirements are met and that a safe and efficient working environment is provided.
Architecture
Cleanroom building materials need to be corrosion-resistant, easy to clean, low volatility and dust-free. Commonly used building materials include stainless steel, glass, special coatings, and flooring materials. Stainless steel is often used on cleanroom walls, ceilings and floors due to its excellent corrosion resistance and ease of cleaning; Glass, on the other hand, is often used in observation windows and partitions because of its high transparency and easy cleaning. Special coatings and flooring materials can effectively reduce the adhesion of dust and microorganisms, and improve cleanliness.
Structure & Layout
The structural design of the cleanroom needs to consider the uniformity and stability of the airflow to reduce the accumulation of particulates and harmful substances. The surrounding structure is often made of color steel plates, aluminum profiles and other materials, combined with a well-sealed door and window system to ensure effective isolation between indoor and outdoor. At the same time, the layout of the equipment in the clean room needs to meet the process requirements, and take into account the impact of the equipment on air quality, so that the equipment is easy to clean and maintain, and can operate in harmony with other equipment.
Air filtration system
At the heart of a cleanroom is the air filtration system, which effectively removes particulates and harmful substances from the air. Depending on the cleanliness requirements, it is necessary to select the appropriate filter type and size, such as medium efficiency filter and high efficiency filter. The medium efficiency filter is usually installed in the positive pressure section of the clean air handling unit, while the high efficiency filter is installed at the end of the clean air conditioning system to ensure that the air is adequately filtered as it passes through the system.
Temperature and humidity control
The temperature and humidity in the cleanroom have a significant impact on the working environment and product quality. Therefore, it is necessary to design a reasonable temperature and humidity control system to control the indoor temperature and humidity within a suitable range through air conditioning equipment, humidifiers and dehumidifiers to meet specific process and product requirements.
Ventilation system design
The ventilation system should be able to provide enough fresh air and maintain the appropriate air flow rate and direction to ensure that particulates can be effectively removed. Ventilation systems also need to consider factors such as air circulation, filter replacement, and exhaust air to ensure the stability and efficiency of the system. In pharmaceutical cleanrooms, special attention should also be paid to preventing cross-contamination of hazardous substances and ensuring that air is not recycled in areas where hazardous substances may be generated.
Associated Equipment
Purification equipment
There are many kinds of purification equipment required for clean rooms, including air showers, transfer windows, laminar flow hoods, FFU laminar flow air supply units, high-efficiency air supply outlets, etc. As a necessary passage for people or goods to enter the clean room, the air shower room can effectively reduce the pollution caused by entering and exiting; The laminar flow hood and FFU ensure high cleanliness in the working area through efficient filtration and uniform air supply; Clean benches and cleanrooms provide localized, high-cleanliness environments to meet specific process needs.
Ancillary Equipment
In addition to the purification equipment, the clean room also needs to be equipped with a series of auxiliary equipment, such as air conditioning host, return air duct, water tower gate valve, water pump, etc., to ensure the normal operation of the air handling system. At the same time, it is also necessary to consider the design of the electrical part, including the lighting circuit, air conditioning circuit and purification equipment circuit, etc., to ensure the safety and stability of the system.
Cleanliness monitoring system
Cleanliness monitoring systems are key to ensuring that cleanroom environments continue to meet standards. The system typically includes modules such as air quality sensors, data processing units, display and alarm systems, and central control systems. Air quality sensors are used to monitor dust particles, microorganisms and other pollutants in the air in real time; The data processing unit collects and analyzes sensor data, and immediately sends out an alarm when a pollutant concentration exceeds the standard; The display and alarm system displays air quality data in real time and automatically triggers an alarm when the standard is exceeded. The central control system integrates the cleanliness monitoring system of all operating rooms for remote monitoring and data analysis.
Automated control
In some advanced cleanliness monitoring systems, automatic control technology is also introduced. When the air quality drops, the system can automatically adjust the air conditioning and filtration equipment to quickly return to a clean state. This automatic control not only improves the response speed of the system, but also reduces the burden of manual operation and improves work efficiency.