A clean room, also known as a cleanroom, is typically used as a part of professional industrial production or scientific research, including the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, integrated circuits, CRTs, LCDs, OLEDs, and microLED displays. The design of a clean room is to maintain extremely low levels of particles, such as dust, living organisms in the air, or vaporized particles. To be precise, cleanrooms have a controlled level of pollution, which is determined by the number of particles per cubic meter at a specified particle size. A clean room can also refer to any given accommodating space that is designed to reduce particulate pollution and control other environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and pressure.
In pharmaceutical terms, a clean room refers to a room that meets the GMP specifications defined in Annex 1 of the EU and PIC/S GMP guidelines, as well as other standards and guidelines required by local health authorities. It is a combination of engineering design, manufacturing, completion, and operational control (control strategy) required to convert a regular room into a clean room. Many industries use cleanrooms, and any small particles that can have a negative impact on the production process will have the presence of cleanrooms.